ORDER 227 1943 USSR SOVIET NKVD KGB ID CARD COMMANDER OF THE PROTECTION Squad OF

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ORDER 227 1943 USSR SOVIET NKVD KGB ID CARD
COMMANDER OF THE PROTECTION Squad OF ORDER No. 227 NOT A STEP BACK!
This WORLD WAR II 1943 YEAR NKVD SMERH.
КОМАНДИР ЗАГРАДИТЕЛЬНОГО ОТРЯДА  ПРИКАЗА №227 НИ ШАГА НАЗАД!
ПОДПИСЬ: ЛАВРЕНТИЙ БЕРИЯ.
SIGNED: LAVRENTI BERIA.
BILDUNTERSCHRIFT: LAURENTIUS BERIA.
Do you know?
Order No. 227
01
Order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief № 227 was not the first one in which the question of the flight of soldiers was touched upon. As early as August 1941, the Stavka, by order No. 270, clearly defined measures to combat deserters.
02
But by 1942 the order number 270 in the army had been forgotten. July 28, 1942, after the number 227 came the famous order of Stalin, called "No step back!". At that time the position of the Soviet army was critical. And order number 227 was a necessary measure. In it, Stalin set forth the ugly reality that emerged at the front, and the gloominess of prospects, if the armies continue to retreat inland, giving our enemies our land.
03
"Not a step back!" Became one of the most powerful documents of the war years in the depth of patriotic content, according to the degree of emotional tension.
04
ORDER
PEOPLE'S DEFENSE COMMISSIONER OF THE UNION
No. 227
"28" July 1942
Moscow
The enemy throws all the new forces to the front, regardless of the large losses for him, climbs ahead,
It rushes into the depths of the Soviet Union, seizes new areas, ravages and ravages our cities and villages, rapes, rakes and kills the Soviet population. The fighting is in the Voronezh region, on the Don, in the south at the gate of the North Caucasus. The German invaders are eager to Stalingrad, to the Volga, they want to seize the Kuban, the North Caucasus with their oil and grain riches at any cost. The enemy has already captured Voroshilovgrad, Starobelsk, Rossosh, Kupyansk, Valuiki, Novocherkassk, Rostov-on-Don, half of Voronezh. After the loss of Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic, Donbass and other areas, we have become much less territory. We lost more than 70 million people, more than 800 million poods of bread and more than 10 million tons of metal per year. We do not already have a predominance over the Germans, either in human resources or in grain stores. To retreat further is to ruin oneself and ruin our Motherland. We must radically stop talking about the fact that we have the opportunity to endlessly retreat, that we have a lot of territory, that our country is large and rich, there are many people, bread will always be in abundance. Such conversations are deceitful and harmful, they weaken and strengthen the enemy, for if we do not stop the retreat we will remain without bread, without fuel, without metal, without raw materials, without factories and plants, without railways. From this it follows that it is time to end the retreat. Not one step back! So now our main call should be! What do we lack? There is a lack of order and discipline in companies, battalions, regiments, divisions, in tank units, in air squadrons. This is now our main drawback. We must establish strict order and iron discipline in our army if we want to save the situation and defend our Motherland. Alarmists and cowards must be exterminated on the spot. Henceforth, the iron law of discipline for every commander, Red Army man, political worker should be the demand: "Not a step back!" Without the order of the high command. Only death can be the only reason to leave the positions!
When discipline broke down in the German troops, the Germans took some harsh measures that led to good results. They formed more than 100 mouths of soldiers and about a dozen penalty battalions from commanders guilty of violating discipline. And our troops, having the goal of protecting their shameful homeland, do not have such discipline and are defeated.
I order: To form within the front from one to three penalty battalions of eight hundred men each. Form within the armies from five to ten penalty mouths to two hundred people in each, to give them the opportunity to redeem their crimes before the homeland.
Commanders and commissars to bring to all fronts, armies, formations, fleets, divisions, battalions, mouths and platoons!
THE DRUG DEFENSE OF THE USSR I. STALIN
05
The order was perceived differently in the parts: someone considered it timely, someone late, and someone completely useless, which is also evident from the memorandum of the NKVD:
"Commander of the machine-gun squadron 20 GvKP, 5 GvKD art. Lieutenant Kompaniets at a rally dedicated to the issuance of the order, said: "... Order Comrade. Stalin is just and timely. I myself will now, despite the faces, call cowards and panic-strikers to order. The homeland will perish, we will perish. If in battle we perish, then the enemy from our resistance will bear great losses. Only a stubborn resistance can be defended by the motherland and our homeland will remain ... "
06
And although it was pronounced at the rally, but the guard, the senior lieutenant did indeed keep his word: in 1942 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, and in 1944 - the Order of the Red Star, was twice wounded.
07
(Central Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation,
"... After the announcement of the order of the NKO, individual fighters and commanders of the units that used to be part of the South-Western Front express dissatisfaction with the fact that no one has incurred responsibility for the unorganized departure and loss of individual armies of the SWF.
Characteristic on this issue is the utterance of the technician-quartermaster 1st rank Hoh (57 army), who said:
"... Will anyone bear retribution and punishment for the defeat of the 6th and 57th armies and, in general, the armies of the USF, or will all this go unpunished? After all, in advance everyone knew that the 6th Army was going into a sack ... "
The commander of 8th company 662 of the 21st Army of the Shevchenko Army, in a private conversation with the commanders, said: "... The rest of Russia in this connection will be handed over to the Germans, since the soldiers with rifles will not stand against the German automatic weapons and mortars, and the retaliants do not give back. There is only one way out - raise your hands. "
With the confirmation of this fact, Shevchenko will be arrested ... "
08
But not the fear of being shot by the detachments made the fighters stand up to the very last on the whole vast front.
09
Marshal Wasilewski wrote about this:
"Like many other generals, I saw some sharpness and categorical assessments of the order, but they were justified by a very severe and alarming time. In the order, we were primarily attracted by his social and moral content. He paid attention to the severity of the truth, the impartiality of the conversation between the People's Commissar and Supreme Commander IV Stalin and Soviet soldiers, beginning with an ordinary soldier and ending with the commander. Reading it, each of us thought about whether we give all the forces to the struggle. We were aware that the cruelty and categorical demands of the order were on behalf of the Motherland and the people, and it was not important what punishment measures were introduced, although this mattered, but that it increased the consciousness of responsibility among the soldiers for the destinies of their socialist Fatherland "
10
Order No. 227 inspired not only soldiers, but also writers.
eleven
From the memoirs of David Iosifovich Ortenberg, editor-in-chief of the newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda:
"From the trip to the front, Konstantin Simonov returned and handed me an essay" In the Bashkir division. " He said that he will write two more essays. And on the second day he brought not an essay, but verses "Nameless Field". This poem, he began to write, after reading order number 227, still en route. The first ruthless, bitter strophes of the poem were consonant with the order, as if supplemented by another motif - the voice of the dead soldiers. "
12
Again we go, comrade,
Again we lost the fight,
Bloody sun of shame
Comes behind us.
We did not close the dead eyes,
We'll have to say to widows,
What we did not have time, forgot
The last honor to give.
Not in honest soldiers' graves
They lie directly in the dust.
But, having given up the dead with a scolding,
But we - alive came!
It's not true, we'll tell you so.
Their widows and their mothers:
We threw them on the road,
There was no time to bury us.
You, it seems, can not listen?
You carried your hand over me ...
For words of my terrible bitterness
Forgive me, comrade, dear.
Forgive me for my insults,
I told you with grief,
I know you are near me
A hundred times my chest was substituted.
I know you were not afraid of bullets,
And the life that your mother gave you,
Shore you with the man's hope
Its more expensive to give.
You, really, were born in a shirt,
What is still alive so far,
And death is less for you than flour
It seemed, than this shame ...
<...>
Do you hear, comrade, do you hear,
As the dead follow,
You hear: not only descendants,
Our ancestors cursed for this.
We swear to you, comrade,
What more than a step back!
To no longer followed us
Silent shadows of soldiers.
So that where we have become today, -
Hills and small forest,
Chicken brook in half a yard,
Coastal sand, -
To this unknown unknown
A piece of us that gave birth to the earth
Became the last place, doku
The last Germans came.
Suppose that an unchanged field,
Where now we had to stand,
Suddenly it will become that very stronghold,
Which the Germans do not take.
13
There was a merciless demand in order No. 227:
"Alarmers and cowards must be exterminated on the spot"
14
However, in life in those days of war was not so. The task of combating cowards and panic-strikers was decided differently. They were given the opportunity to make amends in the penalty units, on the front line, in the fire of the battle, with their own blood, so to speak, to atone for their guilt. It was exactly as Alexander Tvardovsky wrote in his poems "Renunciation", which he brought to the "Red Star" today and which were immediately published.
15
A. TVARDOVSKY
RENUNCIATION
The son returned to his birthplace
From the fields of war great.
And zayasana on it
The greatcoat is some kind of a bast.
Not shaved with a month's beard,
Ruffled - that someone else's.
And he came to the house like a disaster
Suddenly comes a big.
But the mother and father did not want
Bede instantly believe.
And the son was met together
They are at the door.
He trustingly embraced him
Father, that he himself once
Three years with the Germans fought
And was a good soldier.
Towards the guest the mother runs:
- Sonny, son, dear ...
But the son at the table to sit down hurriedly
And looks somehow past ...
Trouble entered the threshold -
And there is no family peace.
"How are things at war, son?"
And the son waved his hand.
And the son sits with his mouth full
And he hastens to admit,
What for the sake of the mother with her father
Decided to stay alive ...
The relatives did not suddenly understand,
But their heart began to ache.
And the edge of the apron is out of hand
The old woman dropped it.
Father did not prevail,
He hung his head.
"Well, it's like that, son,
Did you escape from the fight? ..
And the father-soldier fell silent,
Sits, bending his back,
And his sad looks away
From the eyes of his own son.
Then the son looks with hope
On the mother apron.
"After all, you, my mother, are the only one -
And the first and last ...
But the mother, putting the soup on the table,
She just shrugged her shoulders,
And it seemed that the day had passed,
And maybe a year in silence.
And a holiday of a meeting forever
As if he had sunk into the pool.
And the house came trouble
Already was, as at home.
Not the trouble that without harm
For conscience and honor,
And she, merciless, when
Shame and sorrow together.
Such pain, such a shame,
Such an evil grief,
What is like the fog on your whole yard
And on your backyard.
For all your kin around,
On his great-grandfather and grandfather,
On the grandson, if there is a grandson,
At a friend and neighbor ...
And then he got up, quiet and strict
In his big roll,
Father-soldier, - on that I stand, -
I could not, forgetting the oath,
To leave your homeland in battle,
Come home with a tramp.
My son could not, as I could not,
Forget about the honor of a soldier,
Although we were protecting, my son,
Not what you are. Where there!
And now leave my house,
Look for the father of another.
And you will not leave, so we will leave
From the homeland.
Do not cry, wife. Tom so be it.
There was a son - and there is no son.
Easy to raise, easy to love,
It's harder to take out of my heart.
And he said something else
And was silent. And holding up his hand,
Quietly touched his shoulder
Wife to his old woman.
As if she wanted to say?
"I know everything, my dear,
You are even more sick, you are a mother,
But I'm with you, dear.
Let them be punished by fate,
It's not a century to squeak a cart,
It's not like we will live long with you,
But honor lives forever ...
A guest, swinging, beyond the threshold
I took a step and groped for the exit ...
Here, I thought, click: "Son, son,
Come back! "But it was quiet ...
And, as drunk, holding on to the dignity,
He passed by the cage.
And now he was alone,
Alone in the world.
A stranger, not accepted in the family,
That I disowned my son.
Alien on the whole native land,
What I've been wearing for twenty years ...
And from the way the path went,
In the backyard disappearing,
As under the foot of his grass
The young man bent;
And from how fresh and clean.
The whole world was beaming,
And the incomplete sheet trembled
Spring, it was painful ...
And, looking around, around
Eyes are not their own. -
- Kravtsov Ivan! - he called out loud
Its like a name.
And he leaned his head
To the trunk of a birch, white ...
And what are you, what are you above yourself,
Kravtsov Ivan, did it.
I reached the very end,
A thin song is sung.
Not at my father's house
You have no way,
Neither to my mother's heart,
Wet under the impact.
And you have no punishment
In addition to the death penalty.
Go, hurry, run there,
Where did he go without honor.
And not forgiveness, but ships
Ask for yourself on the spot.
And in front of friends-fighters,
To you despises full,
His sentence, Ivan Kravtsov,
You listen in silence.
As an honor, accept that sentence.
And stop. And be, like wars,
Although b at the moment, like a volley at close range
Finishes the account with you ...
Or maybe even that court
His sentence will be postponed.
And again they'll give you a gun,
Trust again. May be...
PERSONAL ID CARD DOCUMENT in a very good OLD condition.
THIS PERSONAL ID CARD DOCUMENT comes in a protective sleeve.
SIZE OF ID CARD 8.40 * 11.00 * 16.50 cm.
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